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Based on the general structure function
2023-10-09
Based on the general structure-function principle in biology [[19], [20], [21]], toxic oligomers are expected to have well-defined three-dimensional structures to carry out their pathological functions. A common amyloid toxicity mechanism also suggests that toxic oligomers of different amyloid prote
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In our sequential model for tau and A
2023-10-09
In our sequential model for tau and Aβ deposition, we included the tau deposition in the medial temporal Natural Product Library receptor in the absence of Aβ deposition, which is a pathological definition of primary age-related tauopathy (PART). Although the tau pathologies in PART and AD are almo
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AMPK is a central regulator of cell growth
2023-10-09
AMPK is a central regulator of cell growth, migration, metabolism, autophagy, and cell polarity [20], [21], [22], [23]. It is highly conserved in eukaryotes and functions as the primary sensor of intracellular adenosine nucleotides [24]. When intracellular ATP levels decrease, AMPK is activated to g
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br Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source
2023-10-08
Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural products mainly due to their wide distribution in the nature, estimated to range from 1.5 to 5.1 million species in the world [1]. Secondary metabolites from fungi represent a substantial fraction of drugs and drug models in pharmaceutical
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beta adrenergic blockers HT receptors are distributed throug
2023-10-08
5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and beta adrenergic blockers (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 198
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br The cytochrome P enzyme
2023-10-08
The cytochrome P450 enzyme 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450) is involved in the production of the C containing androgen precursors from the C containing steroids such as the pregnanes and progestins (). Steroids such as androstenedione (AD) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) are therefore synthesi
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MafB a member of the Maf
2023-10-08
MafB, a member of the Maf protein family, is essential for terminal differentiation of macrophages (Kelly et al., 2000). The phagocytic activity of polystyrene beads was found to be enhanced in 2 deoxy d glucose with exogenous expression of MafB (Tillmanns et al., 2007). However, in alveolar macrop
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Among steroid saponins ginsenosides are the
2023-10-08
Among steroid saponins, ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng, a well-known chinese medicinal plant. More than hundreds of different ginsenosides have been isolated from ginseng and have shown in the past to be membrane active substances and to influence the membrane by modulating lipid
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As regards LEPR Sun et al
2023-10-08
As regards LEPR, Sun et al. showed that the rs1137101-223A > G polymorphism influences the effectiveness of simvastatin on plasma HDL-C levels in CHD patients [35]. In accordance with the results of García-Bermúdez et al., however, no such an association exists between leptin rs2167270 (G > A) polym
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Erastin Among all the polysaccharide derivatives cationic ca
2023-10-08
Among all the polysaccharide derivatives, cationic carbohydrate polymers such as quaternary ammonium salts and quaternary phosphonium salts have been the most popular and most efficient target Erastin in medical applications [24] and water treatment [25]. Recently, quaternary phosphonium salts were
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br AR expression in breast tissue Although androgenic signal
2023-10-08
AR expression in breast tissue Although androgenic signalling is chiefly associated with the development and maintenance of primary and secondary male characteristics, especially during puberty when the testes are by far the major source of testosterone, the AR also plays important functions in f
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trospium chloride Previous studies have thus demonstrated th
2023-10-08
Previous studies have thus demonstrated that AR activation generally correlates with the promotion of urothelial carcinogenesis and cancer growth. In this article, we review available data suggesting their modulation through the AR pathway as well as correlations of AR signals with sensitivity to co
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GSK J1 br The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally
2023-10-08
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, and the situation is particularly alarming in Asia. The prevalence of diabetes in China has increased dramatically, from around 1% in 1980 to the most recent estimate of 9.7% according to a nationwide survey . Cumulative evidence shows that type 2
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br Experimental methods br Acknowledgments br Introduction L
2023-10-08
Experimental methods Acknowledgments Introduction Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) at excitatory synapses are thought to underlie experience-dependent learning and memory. These synaptic plasticity mechanisms are best characterized at hippocampal CA1 synapses, whe
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The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are
2023-10-08
The specific mechanisms underlying glutamine dependency are still being explored, and current research indicates that the mechanisms likely vary between breast cancer subtypes. In HER2-positive breast cancer, increased levels of the transcriptional activator PGC-1α lead to expression of genes that m
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