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A number of in vivo
2021-12-17
A number of in vivo studies have investigated the antitumor activity of distinct GSK-3 inhibitors in a variety of cancer cell line-derived tumor xenograft models [14], [21], [22], [24], [33], [39], [40]. These studies utilized toolkit GSK-3 inhibitors as monotherapies. Although inhibition of tumor g
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vasopressin receptor To investigate if such an effect is obs
2021-12-17
To investigate if such an effect is observed in native GlyT1, we introduced S605D and S605A mutations into GlyT1 and transfected these DNA constructs into N2a cells. For an internal control of calpain cleavage, we also introduced the first 100 amino-acids of the rat GlyT2N terminus upstream of the m
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br Conclusion br Conflict of interest statement br Reference
2021-12-17
Conclusion Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as Introduction Over the past decade, more than a hundred new biopharmaceutical products have been approved and market
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br Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate receptors for peptide
2021-12-17
Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate receptors for peptides similar to glucagon Genes for receptors for peptides similar to glucagon and other secretin-like hormones have been identified in a number of vertebrate species (Sivarajah et al., 2001, Chow et al., 2004, Irwin and Wong, 2005, Cardoso et
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We speculated modulation of redox
2021-12-17
We speculated modulation of redox balance in brain, by activation of GIP receptor pathway. QA is known to mediate production of ROS, lipid peroxidation by its interactions with Fe2+ and formation of QA-Fe2+ complex (Braidy et al., 2010, Rios and Santamaria, 1991, Stipek et al., 1997). QA induces NOS
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Ghrelin contains an n octanoylation at its
2021-12-17
Ghrelin contains an n-octanoylation at its Ser3 residue (Kojima et al., 1999). While des-acyl ghrelin is found in high concentrations in the blood, only the lipidated form is active at GHSR (Bednarek et al., 2000). We previously showed that ghrelin interacts with the membrane via its lipid modificat
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br Discussion RBCs possess a much simpler composition and
2021-12-17
Discussion RBCs possess a much simpler composition and structure than other eukaryotic 11302 and can therefore serve as a convenient system on which to study how cell functioning relates to the molecular and supramolecular properties of its constituents. The model developed in this work is aimed
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br Introduction As a fundamental metal dependent hydrolytic
2021-12-16
Introduction As a fundamental metal-dependent hydrolytic enzyme, inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) exhibits a specific catalytic ability, in which one molecule of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) can be transformed into two orthophosphate (Pi) ions [1,2]. The process of transformation is extremely e
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We tested formyl MYVKWPWYVWL which we had previously shown t
2021-12-16
We tested formyl-MYVKWPWYVWL, which we had previously shown to have essentially identical Kis for W190/N192, R190/K192 and R190/N190 [8] of 130 nM, for its ability to downregulate surface receptor (Fig. 5A). R190/K192 exhibited the lowest EC50 of 44±4 nM about 3 fold below the observed Ki and a maxi
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br Visualizing single synaptic vesicle exocytosis at
2021-12-16
Visualizing single synaptic vesicle Topotecan HCl at CNS synapses We visualized the dynamics of individual synaptic vesicles as they fuse and immediately before fusion at the mammalian conventional synapses for the first time (Midorikawa and Sakaba, 2015). We use a calyx of Held terminal, a larg
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Bromoenol lactone Our last area of exploration was the piper
2021-12-16
Our last area of exploration was the piperidine core as shown in . We rationalised that the basicity of the nitrogen (measured p=7.0) may be responsible for the affinity for the hERG receptor and we therefore sought to moderate this by incorporation of electronegative groups at the 3-position. To th
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Introduction Osteoarthritis OA is a prevalent
2021-12-16
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease characterized by chronic joint degeneration, including articular cartilage loss, synovitis and osteophyte formation [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The cause of OA is metabolic imbalance and mechanical stress, which is coupled with inflammation, lead
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Retinal GAL receptor distribution suggests an intrinsic neur
2021-12-16
Retinal GAL receptor distribution suggests an intrinsic neuronal control since retina lacks an autonomic innervation, and a signal modulation seems most likely here, acting via GALR1 while GALR2 and GALR3 seem to play a rather minor role in this signal transduction. While sources acting on these ret
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G quadruplex DNA structures may
2021-12-16
G-quadruplex DNA structures may exist in either positive or negative strand of a promoter to regulate gene expression. The positive strand of the HOXC10 promoter is overall C-rich in the 1000 bp upstream of the TSS (36.6% of C versus 24.1% of G) and contains many C-runs; thus, G-quadruplex structure
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CPI-169 Although the presence of histamine secreting bacteri
2021-12-15
Although the presence of histamine-secreting bacteria has been well documented in foods, their presence within the human gut microbiota has not been investigated in detail. We recently performed an analysis of fecal samples from 161 volunteers to quantify the presence of bacterial HDC, using primers
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